The Cultural Triangle is the historic heart of Sri Lanka, the region in the north-central part of the island where successive kingdoms built their capitals, monasteries and reservoirs over more than two thousand years. It brings together Anuradhapura, Polonnaruwa, Sigiriya, Dambulla and, at its southern edge, Kandy.
Anuradhapura, the island’s first great capital, is remembered for its sacred bodhi tree, enormous dagobas and ancient monastic complexes. Polonnaruwa, the medieval capital that followed, is more compact and is well suited to exploring slowly by bicycle or with a guide. Its rock-cut Buddha statues at Gal Vihara are among the most memorable sights in the country.
Sigiriya, the fifth-century rock fortress rising above the surrounding forest, and the painted cave temples of Dambulla complete the core of the region. Kandy, home to the Temple of the Tooth Relic, adds a living cultural counterpoint to the archaeological sites.
Most first-time visitors allow three to four nights to cover the Triangle without rushing. Early starts help, as climbs and open sites are far more comfortable in the cooler morning hours, and a knowledgeable guide makes the difference between seeing the ruins and understanding them.
